3.1

3.1#

Published since September 1843 to take part in “a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress.”

                    1. World News
                                 \
              2. Intelligence -> 4. Economist -> 5. Unworthy-Timid-Ignorance -> 6. Obstruction
                                 /
                                 3. Progress